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2022/04/06 上午9:17:24 星期三
热带资源植物分子育种研究组始建于2008年，由前期的能源植物分子育种演变来，隶属于热带植物资源可持续利用重点实验室。主要从事战略资源植物的基因功能与转基因育种研究。以大戟科生物燃油原料植物小桐子(Jatropha curcas) 和主要工业原料植物橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)以及木棉科新型复合材料原料植物轻木（Ochroma lagopus Swartz）为主要研究对象，重点开展以下三方面的研究：1）广泛收集、评价国内外种质资源，采用物理化学诱变方法和生物技术创制各类优异突变体，为功能基因鉴定和遗传改良研究提供丰富多样的种质资源；2）系统开展功能基因组学与转基因技术研究，克隆和鉴定可用于转基因育种的功能基因及其调控元件，努力将小桐子发展成为木本植物研究的模式材料，解析木本植物特殊科学问题；3）采用分子育种与传统育种相结合的方法加速野生植物驯化，培育高产、抗病虫和抗逆的优良种质，为大规模商业化种植提供种源保障。
研究组能够通过基因工程技术缩短多年生木本植物的生殖发育，实现多年生木本植物小桐子的种子播种后15天就开花结实，并且通过基因修饰大幅度提高大戟科小桐子雌花比例，实现多年生植物高效快速育种。研究组在多年生木本植物分子育种领域处于国际领先。
Research Directions and Objectives
The Molecular Breeding of Tropical Economic Plants group was founded in 2008 which was changed by Molecular Breeding of Energy Plant Group and is affiliated to the Key Laboratory of Sustainable Use of Tropical Plant Resources. Our research interest focuses on the functional genomics and molecular breeding of Strategic resource plants, including Hevea brasiliensis, Jatropha curcas and Ochroma lagopus Swartz. Our three main objectives include: (1) To establish a comprehensive and diverse collection of germplasm for studies of functional genomics and molecular breeding. This germplasm collection contains wild and cultivated species collected from around the world, and mutants obtained by physical and chemical mutagenesis, and biotechnology (transgenic and CRISPR/Cas9 technology). (2) To use high-throughput approaches, e.g., microarray analysis and transcriptome sequencing, and transgenic approach to identify agronomically important genes and their regulatory elements in Jatropha curcas. We are developing Jatropha as a model plant for woody plant research to analyze special scientific problems of woody plants. (3) To obtain elite Jatropha curcas, Hevea brasiliensis and Ochroma lagopus Swartz varieties with high yield, increased resistance to disease and pests, and enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses by combining transgenic technology with traditional breeding methods.
Our research team was able to shorten the reproductive development of perennial woody plants through genetic engineering technology, realize the Jatropha curcas plant flowering and fruiting 15 days after sowing, and greatly improve the female flowers proportion of Jatropha by gene modification, realizing efficient and rapid breeding of perennials. Our research group has strong advantage in the field of molecular breeding of perennial woody plants.